Susan M. Osborn, Ph.D. (sosborn@ix.netcom.com)
Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:00:48 +0000
Date: Tue, 15 Jun 1999 10:00:48 +0000 From: "Susan M. Osborn, Ph.D." <sosborn@ix.netcom.com> Subject: Androgogy
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<My dictionary defines androgen as a male hormone; androgyny as
possessing male and female
characteristics (usually a botanical term). Can a contributor clear up
this point with an epistemological overview of this topic?>
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Malcolm Knowles was the leading proponent of andragogy, the science of
adult learning. Andragogy values the learner's life experiences and
need to be self-directed, draws the learner into a commitment to learn
by responding to the learner's needs, and involves the learner in
directing the content and process. In Knowles words, "I was the first
to use the term, 'androgogy' in the U.S. but I didn't coin it. I stole
it from the Europeans."
"In 1967, a Yugoslavian adult educator attended my summer session course
on adult learning and at the end of it exclaimed, 'Malcolm, you are
preaching and practicing andragogy.' I responded, 'Whatagogy?' because
I had never heard the term before. He explained that European adult
educators had coined the term as a parallel to pedagogy, to provide a
label for the growing body of knowledge and technology in regard to
adult learning, and that it was being defined as 'the art and science of
helping adults learn.' It made sense to me to have a differentiating
label, and I started using the term in 1968, in articles describing my
theoretical framework for thinking about adult learning.
"In 1970 I put it all together in a book, THE MODERN PRACTICE OF ADULT
EDUCATION: ANDRAGOGY VERSUS PEDAGOGY. The 'versus' was in the title
because at that point I saw the two models as dichotomous - one for
children, the other for adults. During the next ten years, however, a
number of teachers who had been exposed to the andragogical model told
me they found that young people learned better, too, when the
andragogical model was applied. So the revised edition of the book,
published in 1980, had the subtitle, FROM PEDAGOGY TO ANDRAGOGY."
-Taken from: ANDRAGOGY IN ACTION: APPLYING MODERN PRINCIPLES OF ADULT
LEARNING (1984) Malcolm S. Knowles & Associates, Jossey-Bass, p.6
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Susan M. Osborn, Ph.D., Consultant & Adjunct Faculty Member: Chapman
Univ., National Univ., Univ. of LaVerne, & Univ. of Phoenix.
Author: THE SYSTEM MADE ME DO IT! A LIFE CHANGING APPROACH TO
OFFICE POLITICS. Sacramento CA; www.netcom.com/~sosborn/
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